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Danielle Wallace is a reporter for Fox News Digital covering politics, crime, police and more. Most cities were controlled by a single criminal organization, but New York City had several prominent ones that shared the territory; these became known as the Five Families. The charges in the indictments are allegations, and the defendants are presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty. genovese family Louis Gigante, Bronx priest and brother of mob boss, dead at 90 October 24, 2022 | 4:52pm Rev. The Bonanno crime familythrough Anthony Pipitone, Vito Pipitone, Gabriele and othersoperated illegal gambling parlors at establishments called the Soccer Club, La Nazionale Soccer Club and Glendale Sports Club. As alleged, charged with racketeering are: Anthony Pipitone, a captain and soldier in the Bonanno organized crime family of La Cosa Nostra; Vito Pipitone, Bonanno soldier; Agostino Gabriele, Bonanno associate; Carmelo Polito, acting captain in the Genovese organized crime family of La Cosa Nostra; Joseph Macario, Genovese soldier; and Genovese associates Salvatore Rubino and Joseph Rutigliano. His cousin, Michael, became boss of the Pittsburgh crime family. [81] After receiving a life sentence for that murder, Valachi decided to become a government witness. Prohibition presented a very lucrative opportunity for both Mafia factions, as they began bootlegging, the illegal making, selling and transporting of alcohol. Genovese had heard rumors that Costello was conspiring with Anastasia to regain power. At 19, Genovese spent a year in prison for illegal possession of a firearm. [14] Bazzano formed an alliance with the eight Volpe brothers, the leaders of the "Neapolitan faction" who controlled illegal rackets throughout the Turtle Creek Valley and Wilmerding. Assistant United States Attorneys Tanya Hajjar, Drew Rolle, Anna Karamigios and Special Assistant United States Attorney Abigail Margulies are in charge of the prosecution. [5][11][17] In 1959, Fidel Castro took control of Cuba and forced out all the mobsters in the country. Luciano went to prison in 1936, and Genovese took over as acting boss of what was then the largest and arguably most important and powerful of the Five Families. Genovese ordered Vincent Gigante to murder Costello, and on May 2, 1957, Gigante shot and wounded Costello outside his apartment building. Age: 49 A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. This indictment sends a strong message that we are committed to rooting out corruption and organized crime. After bribing some fascist party members, Genovese became a friend of Galeazzo Ciano, Benito Mussolini's son-in-law; it is believed Genovese provided Ciano with cocaine. (20072010) lacndb.com, La Cosa Nostra: Frank Amato. After the game, Boccia demanded a share of $35,000 because he had introduced the victim to Genovese. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS For instance, longtime NYPD detective Ralph Salerno argued that "anyone who understands the protocol and insulation procedures" of the Mafia would find it "almost unbelievable" that a crime boss would be directly involved in a drug operation. [19][20][21] Luciano took over Masseria's family, with Genovese as his underboss. [7][25] Ciancutti himself was one of the few remaining made members operating in Pittsburgh, after the late 1990s, when many members were imprisoned and many over the years many of the older members passed away. [70] On July 7, 1958, Genovese was indicted on charges of conspiring to import and sell narcotics. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Genovese was arrested and extradited, but by 1946 the witnesses in the case had been murdered, and he was freed. Balsamo, Campanella, and Michael and Thomas Poli were arrested Tuesday and presented in Manhattan federal court before U.S. Magistrate Judge Robert W. Lehrburger. Genovese made a fortune during Prohibition and had the gardens . From at least 2011 to April 2022, the six defendants are accused of helping to run a criminal racketeering enterprise, which affected interstate and foreign commerce. [51] Both claims were ultimately dismissed in the New Jersey Superior Court appellate division, in 1954. Celso was one of ten young white men who allegedly. Liborio Salvatore Bellomo (born January 8, 1957) is an American mobster and boss of the Genovese crime family. [8][26], In 1934, Genovese allegedly ordered the murder of mobster Ferdinand Boccia. Genovese Dies in Prison at 71. Omissions? Genovese died of a heart attack at the United States Medical Center for Federal Prisoners in Springfield, Missouri, on February 14, 1969. Mr. Peace thanked the New York City Police Department, the Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor, and the United States Department of Labor, Office of the Inspector General for their assistance in the investigation. [59] Cuba was one of the topics of discussion, particularly the gambling and narcotics smuggling interests of La Cosa Nostra on the island. New York Investigative Journalist. [18], In the early 1980s, the family consisted of Boss Sebastian LaRocca, Underboss Joseph Pecora, Consigliere Michael Genovese and caporegimes John Bazzano Jr., Antonio Ripepi and Joseph Regino. Wellington, Florida, HECTOR ROSARIO [4], By the 1920s, Genovese started working for Giuseppe "Joe the Boss" Masseria, the boss of a powerful Manhattan gang that would evolve into the family he would eventually lead. [10] On January 17, 1920, Prohibition began in the United States, banning all production, importation, transportation and sale of alcoholic beverages. [12] He became known as the "Yeast Baron", after becoming one of the largest supplier of yeast to illegal beermakers in the area. [37], Genovese established one of the largest black market operations in southern Italy, together with the Italian gangster Calogero Vizzini. These violent criminal organizations operated secret underground gambling parlors in local commercial establishments, generating substantial amounts of money in back rooms while families unknowingly shopped and ate mere feet away. Genovese associate Thomas Poli admitted to Judge John Koeltl that he threatened people who didn't pay their gambling debts as part of a Bronx-based bookkeeping operation run by the crime. This story has been shared 164,095 times. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Without anyone to corroborate Rupolo's testimony, the government's case collapsed, and the charges against Genovese were dismissed on June 10, 1946. Genoveses control of the family was subdued but not extinguished by imprisonment. or redistributed. Age: 40 [12] LaRocca later gained control of multiple illegal rackets and was convicted on several occasions for larceny, receiving stolen property and operating an illegal lottery. [48][49] She asked the judge for $350 per week. [17] Through bribery LaRocca became a powerful Mafia boss by controlling politicians, police officers and other officials in the Pittsburgh area. The six alleged wiseguys including two caporegimes raked in money for the syndicate from 2011 to 2022 through a pattern of racketeering activity, which included extortion and illegal gambling, according to the indictment against them. Genovese pursued members of the Pittsburgh family to create a large illegal drug trafficking network. The government cant seem to go three months without rounding up some Italians. Vito Genovese (Italian:[vito denoveze, -ese]; November 21, 1897 February 14, 1969) was an Italian-born American mobster who mainly operated in the United States. He Escaped Death Many Times. Toms River resident Angelo Prisco, a reputed capo in the Genovese crime family, was sentenced to five years in federal prison in 2007 after he admitted to conspiring with two others to have a. "From extortion to illegal gambling, the Mafia continues to find ways to prey on others to fill its coffers," U.S. Attorney Damian Williams said in a statement. [20] American Mafia.com, "July 14, 1900: Gangster 'Big Bill' Lias Possibly Born in Wheeling", "Ailing underboss helped protect Las Vegas informant", "Mobster, Informant Charles 'Chucky' Porter Dead", "Convicted Former Pittsburgh Mob Underboss Chucky Porter Dies", "Former Pittsburgh mobster, Youngstown mob boss Lenny Strollo dies at age 90", "The Bobby Mancini Murder: 'Junior' Williams Died as Top Suspect in Pittsburgh Bookie's 1988 Slaying", https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-stat/graphics/politics/trump-archive/docs/state-commission-of-investigation-mob-report-1992.pdf, "Rick Porrello's AmericanMafia.com - this just in Mob News and Features", American Gangland: LaRocca-Genovese Crime Family, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pittsburgh_crime_family&oldid=1142792345, Racketeering, murder, loansharking, extortion and gambling, c.18861914 Salvatore "Banana King" Catanzaro stepped down, died on February 17, 1916, c.19151919 Gregorio Conti murdered on September 24, 1919, 19191925 Salvatore Calderone retired, 19251929 Stefano Monastero murdered on August 6, 1929, 19291931 Giuseppe "Yeast Baron" Siragusa murdered on September 13, 1931, 19311932 John Bazzano found dead on August 8, 1932, in Red Hook, Brooklyn, 19321937 Vincenzo Capizzi retired to Italy, 20062008 John Bazzano Jr. died on July 28, 2008, 20082021 Thomas "Sonny" Ciancutti died on July 8, 2021, c.19151919 Peppino Cusumano nephew to boss Gregorio Conti, 19251929 Salvatore "Sam" Monastero brother to boss Stefano Monastero, 19561962 Frank Amato became consigliere, died 1973, 19621969 Gabriel "Kelly" Mannarino stepped down after indictment; died July 11, 1980, 19691987 Joseph N. "Jo Jo" Pecora imprisoned 19791983, died 1987, 19871990 Charles "Chucky" Porter arrested April 1990; convicted in 1990, sentenced to 28 years, defected to the government, 19902006 John Bazzano Jr. became boss in 2006, 20062008 Thomas "Sonny" Ciancutti became boss, 19731980 Charles "Murgie" Imburgia stepped down, 19842002 Charles "Murgie" Imburgia died, 20022006 Thomas "Sonny" Ciancutti became underboss, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 11:46. Prosecutors said the Genovese Organized Crime Family is part of a nationwide criminal organization known by various names, including Las Cosa Nostra and the Mafia, which operates through. The three topics which would come under discussion were the heroin trade, Cuban gambling, and what to do about Bugsy Siegel and the floundering Flamingo Hotel project in Las Vegas. It left as many as 60 mobsters, many high-ranking, dead. [53], During the mid-1950s, Genovese decided to move against Costello. The indictment says they "kept victims and citizens in fear" of the enterprise and its leaders, members and associates by identifying themselves as "Mafia," causing and threatening to cause economic harm and committing and threatening to commit physical violence. Prosecutors said the six alleged mobsters, associated with the Genovese organized crime family, made money through illegal gambling and loan sharking by saddling victims with incredible debt that they could not pay back. The outfit, initially overseen by Lucky Luciano, has been called the "Ivy League" of organized crime due to its size, . An official website of the United States government. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Months later Congress passed the Volstead Act declaring that liquor, wine and beer all qualified as intoxicating liquors and were therefore prohibited. Powered and implemented by FactSet Digital Solutions. [67] The police stopped a car driven by Bufalino, whose passengers included Genovese and three other men, at a roadblock as they left the estate; Bufalino said that he had come to visit his sick friend, Barbara. [12] On March 3, 1987 longtime Underboss and West Virginia gambling leader Joseph N. "Jo Jo" Pecora died. There is some speculation that Luciano, Costello, and Meyer Lansky, the mobs accountant and secretary of the treasury, may have alerted authorities in a bid to thwart Genoveses takeover. The Genovese crime family controlled an offshore gambling venture through which members of four area mob groups placed millions of dollars in illicit sports bets, authorities charged Wednesday. Calisi was arrested in Boca Raton, Florida, and presented before a U.S. Magistrate Judge in the Southern District of Florida. When Agent Orange C. Dickey of the Criminal Investigation Division examined Genovese's background, he discovered that Genovese was a fugitive wanted for the 1934 Boccia killing. [12][13] Amato began expanding his influence over the gambling rackets in and around Allegheny County, and formed a strong alliance with the Genovese family in New York City, who represented Pittsburgh at meetings of the eastern Commission. [53] On June 18, 1953, Valachi lured Franse to his restaurant in the Bronx, where Franse was strangled to death by Pasquale Pagano and Fiore Siano (Valachi's nephew). (Reuters/Carlo Allegri), The superseding indictment unsealed Tuesday in the Southern District of New York says the "Genovese Organized Crime Family" was part of a nationwide criminal organization known by various names, including "Las Cosa Nostra" (LCN) and the "Mafia," which operated through entities known as "families.". On December 20, during the conference, Luciano had a private meeting with Genovese in Luciano's hotel suite. Fax Line: 718-254-7508. The international narcotics trade was also an important topic on the agenda. [12] In 1953, Immigration and Naturalization Service tried to use LaRocca's criminal record to deport him but several prominent figures testified on his behalf during the hearings and he was able to remain in the country until his death in 1984. from DePaul University. In 1962 Joe Valachi, a top soldier in Genoveses regime who was serving time in the same prison, feared that Genovese was planning to have him killed. [1][11] Bazzano was a protg of early Pittsburgh mobster Nicola Gentile and learned to keep a low profile. (718) 254-6323. From extortion to illegal gambling, the Mafia continues to find ways to prey on others to fill its coffers. [50] Vito filed a counter-suit for divorce on the grounds of desertion. Mineola, New York, E.D.N.Y. Carmelo Polito, an alleged acting captain in the Genovese crime family, is also charged with operating an illegal online gambling scheme in which bets were placed on sporting events through a website called PGWLines. In connection with his operation of PGWLines, Polito is charged with attempting to extort an individual who lost several thousand dollars in bets he placed through the website. (20072010) lacndb.com, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The American Mafia.com "Pittsburgh crime family", Chapter 5 "Mafia Families Poison the Northeast", "Rick Porrello's AmericanMafia.com - 26 Mafia Families and Their Cities", "Pittsburgh Mafia Leader "Sonny" Ciancutti Dead At 91, LaRocca Crime Family Officially Closed For Business", "From Monastero to Genovese, Five Pittsburgh Mob Bosses Who Made the News", "As Mafia ranks dwindle nationwide, one of Pittsburgh's last living mobsters dies", "Operation Pork Chop mastermind Melocchi sentenced to probation", "Mon Valley gambling arrests reflect old mob connections", "Thomas "Sonny" Ciancutti Arnold, Pennsylvania August 3, 1929 - July 8, 2021", "AmericanMafia.com 26 Mafia Cities - Pittsburgh, PA", Laborers local 1058 (Pittsburgh) order and Memorandum imposing supervision in lieu of trusteesh, "Ohio Mob Briefs: Youngstown & Cleveland", "Organized Crime in Pennsylvania a Decade of Change: 1990 Report", "Who Is Bobby Iannelli? 77-1861.appeal of Thomas Fanell in No. Bethpage, New York, JOSEPH RUTIGLIANO (also known as Joe Box) [15] With Genovese's departure, Costello became acting boss. As Anastasia relaxed in the barber chair, two men with their faces covered in scarves shot and killed him. The infamous Mafia crime family gets its name from him. [12] During Monastero's reign he was suspected of ordering the bombings of rival bootleggers facilities and for ordering the murder of his competitor Luigi "Big Gorilla" Lamendola in May 1927. In 2019, Robert Iannelli, a longtime Pittsburgh area sports gambling and bookmaker, was arrested along with his son and others. He would later lead Luciano's crime family, which was renamed the Genovese crime family in his honor. Age: 58 There's no real family. The Genovese family, one of the so-called "five families" that dominated organized crime in New York City, reigned over Manhattan's West Side bar scene, including the Village where the LGBT. Luciano had received word that Maranzano was planning to kill him and Genovese, and prepared a hit team to kill Maranzano first. Legal Statement. [16] On April 4, 1959, Genovese was convicted in New York of conspiracy to violate federal narcotics laws. [73][74] In his book, Five Families, longtime New York Times organized-crime reporter Selwyn Raab wrote that a number of detectives, lawyers and organized crime experts have questioned the legitimacy of Genovese's conviction. West Islip, New York, CARMELO POLITO (also known as Carmine Polito) Genovese was appointed to a position of interpreter/liaison officer in the U.S. Army headquarters in Naples and quickly became one of Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories' (AMGOT) most trusted employees. Vizzini sent truck caravans loaded with all the basic food commodities necessary for the Italian diet rolling northward to hungry Naples, where their cargoes were distributed by Genovese's organization. During the early 1970s the faction gained control of the gambling rackets in Youngstown and shared some of the profits with the Cleveland crime family.[118]. Rosario is charged with obstructing a grand jury investigation by the United States Attorneys Office for the Eastern District of New York and lying to the FBI. In June, Genovese supposedly accused Valachi, also imprisoned in Atlanta, of being an informer and gave Valachi the kiss of death. On February 26, 1930, Genovese allegedly ambushed Reina as he was leaving his mistress's house in the Bronx and shot him in the back of the head with a shotgun. The family's Underboss Charles Porter decided to cooperate with the government leading the conviction of many top members and associates of the Pittsburgh family. [45], Genovese was now a capo of his former Greenwich Village Crew. Powered and implemented by FactSet Digital Solutions. Commack, New York, AGOSTINO GABRIELE [12][20] John Bazzano Jr. took over as boss, until his death on July 28, 2008. Main Office It was revealed that Genovese had been stealing trucks, flour, and sugar from the Army. One-time Genovese crime family consigliere Bobby Manna, a Jersey tough guy who once plotted to whack John Gotti, won't be home for Christmas yet again this year. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. He pleaded not guilty. In the suburbs of Pittsburgh, the Mafia factions fought for control of New Kensington, Arnold, Wilkinsburg, McKees Rocks, Wilmerding and Braddock. [1][3][5][11], Vincenzo Capizzi became the new boss after Bazzano's murder, but he eventually resigned in 1937,[3] and was replaced by Frank Amato. [11], In 1930, Genovese was indicted on counterfeiting charges when police found $1 million of counterfeit US currency in a Bath Beach, Brooklyn, workshop. Genovese rose to power during Prohibition as an enforcer in the American Mafia. Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator: Gino Chiarelli, "Obituary: Geno Chiarelli / Powerful figure in Pittsburgh Mafia (Aug. 5, 1942 June 14, 2012)", "Retired big shot provided FBI with glimpse inside Pittsburgh Mafia Copied from: mafiahistory.us/rattrap/ptmannarino.html Source info: Valin, Edmond, "Retired big shot provided FBI with glimpse inside Pittsburgh Mafia", "Pittsburg mob family thrives despite decline in leaders", "United States of America v. Frank Joseph Rosa A/K/A "joe" Joseph Sica, Vincent Mannella.appeal of Joseph Sica, 560 F.2d 149 (3d Cir. Unlike Costello, Luciano had never trusted Genovese. "[38][39], In the summer of 1944 in New York, Genovese was implicated in the Boccia murder by mobster Ernest "The Hawk" Rupolo, a former Genovese associate. Genoveses next move was to help plan a summit of power players, which resulted in the Apalachin meeting in New York. Market data provided by Factset. IMDb: Vito Genovese at Internet Movie Database, Last edited on 10 February 2023, at 13:08, Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories, United States Medical Center for Federal Prisoners, "Ruled 'Family' of 450. Genovese died in prison on February 14, 1969. In the meeting, Genovese tried to convince Luciano to become a titular boss of bosses and let Genovese run everything. [58], In November 1957, immediately after the Anastasia murder, after taking control of the Luciano crime family from Costello, Genovese wanted to legitimize his new power by holding a national Cosa Nostra meeting. Police Say He Was Leader in Every Kind of Racket. Genovese refused to answer any questions, citing the Fifth Amendment rights under the U.S. Constitution 150 separate times. Glendale, New York, ANTHONY PIPITONE (also known as Little Anthony) [9] After Conti's death, his nephew Peppino Cusumano, led the Pittsburgh Mafia group, but worked in the shadow of Salvatore Calderone, who became the most powerful boss in the Western Pennsylvania's Mafia network. [7][28][29] Ciancutti was the last known made member in the Pittsburgh family. ", NYC DIAMOND' MOB BOSS OF UNDERGROUND GAMBLING PARLORS SENTENCED TO 4 YEARS, The office of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. Whitestone, New York, SALVATORE RUBINO (also known as Sal the Shoemaker) [50] According to Anna Genovese, Vito Genovese ruled the Italian lottery in New York and New Jersey, bringing in over $1 million per year, owned four Greenwich Village night clubs, a dog track in Virginia, and other legitimate businesses. [12], In the late 1980s, the FBI increased its investigation into Pittsburgh's top cocaine traffickers, Charles "Chucky" Porter and Louis Raucci, Sr.[22] In March 1990, an indictment charged Charles "Chucky" Porter and Louis F. Raucci Sr., along with seven associates, on charges of drug distribution, extortion, conspiracy to commit murder, robbery, gambling and racketeering. At their arraignments Tuesday, Balsamo and Thomas Poli pleaded not guilty and were ordered to remain in home confinement pending trial. Check out what's clicking on Foxnews.com. Eight defendants were arrested this morning. The Commissions purpose was to mediate between members and serve as judges and executioners and to enforce order, and its creation strengthened the power of the Five Families by giving them permanent seats on the board. Genovese rose to power during Prohibition as an enforcer in the American Mafia. [4] Genovese donated nearly $4 million to Mussolini's fascist party by the end of World War II. [27][28], On June 18, 1936, Luciano was sentenced to 30 to 50 years in prison as a result of his conviction on pandering. [35] The shooter was later alleged to be Carmine Galante, a member of the Bonanno crime family. [11], Bazzano became aggravated when the Volpe brothers began expanding into East Liberty and the North Side. Six members of a notorious New York City crime family were charged with a racketeering conspiracy involving illegal gambling and extortion in Manhattan federal court on Tuesday. Fearing that he would be prosecuted for murder, Genovese fled to Italy in 1937 but maintained his position by remaining active in both the criminal and legal business interests of the family, promoting them while rubbing elbows with members of the original Sicilian and Italian Mafia, upon which the American organized crime setup had been modeled (see also Camorra). His father was a soldier and close to Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno. All rights reserved. [11] Two of the surviving Volpe brothers went to the "Commission" in New York, and it was decided Bazzano would be held responsible for his unsanctioned hit. [3] His family also maintained control of labor unions through Local 1058. Genovese crime family, New York-based organized crime syndicate. Federal prosecutors maintained during the trial that Genovese crime family members were looking to expand into Atlantic City. To protect and expand business and criminal operations, prosecutors say the defendants assaulted and threatened to assault "persons who engaged in activity that jeopardized the power and criminal activities of the enterprise, the power of the leaders of the enterprise and the status of its members and the flow of criminal proceeds to members and associates of the enterprise.". She's a Chicago girl at heart, but she still misses living in a place with farms. [3][5][15] LaRocca and capo Mannarino became partners with Tampa crime family boss Santo Trafficante, Jr. in the Sans Souci hotel-casino in Havana, Cuba. In 1919, the United States government passed the Eighteenth Amendment declaring the production, transportation and sale of intoxicating liquors illegal. To avoid law enforcement scrutiny, they "conducted meetings surreptitiously, typically using coded language when speaking on telephones, and avoiding discussing LCN activities in locations they suspected to be monitored by law enforcement surveillance," the indictment says. [8] In 1914, Catanzaro was stabbed and stepped down as boss, he later died on February 17, 1916. We've received your submission. As detailed in the indictments and court filings, members of the Genovese and Bonanno organized crime families operated several illegal gambling operations in the Eastern District of New York. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, Luciano, already active in profitable extortion, prostitution, gambling, and bootlegging schemes, was named head of one of the families, and Vito Genovese, one of Lucianos trusted associates, was named underboss (second-in-command) of the family. However, on October 4, 1951, Moretti was assassinated by order of the Mafia Commission; the mob bosses were unhappy with his testimony during the Kefauver Hearings, and were worried, with the syphilis now affecting his brain, he might start talking to the press. The Genovese Family is a criminal organization whose members have engaged in numerous acts of violence and other crimes in the Southern District of New York and elsewhere, including, as relevant in this case, conspiracy to commit murder, attempted murder, conspiracy to commit extortion, and the operation of an illegal gambling business. Remains of the Day: Why the sudden renewed interest in Hoffa's body? This story has been shared 100,034 times. All of the six suspects face a maximum of 20 years in prison if convicted. In 1937, he fled to Italy, and for a brief period during World War II, he supported Benito Mussolini's regime in Italy for fear of being deported back to the United States to face murder charges. But it won't be up to you. [16] In 1964, LaRocca supported Frank Valenti's takeover of the Rochester crime family from Jake Russo. 1983)", "Law enforcement agents arrested six Pennsylvanians who allegedly were", "Primo v Mollica (1935 - 2001) - Glassport, PA", "TV Review: A&E's 'Godfather of Pittsburgh', "Numbers kingpin pleads guilty in operation that netted $2.5 million a year", "ADOLPH WILLIAMS Obituary (2016) - Pittsburgh, PA - Pittsburgh Post-Gazette", James Ridgway de Szigethy. The Genovese family is one of five families that primarily operated in the New York City area. [60] The New York garment industry interests and rackets, such as loansharking to the business owners and control of garment center trucking, were other important topics on the agenda.
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